Description
The focus of Carol Farley Kessler’s work is how Charlotte Perkins Gilman developed as a writer and how she imagined a full-blown utopia for women. This book, which offers a fresh reading of Gilman’s fiction, fills a void in Gilman scholarship, in feminist utopian scholarship, and in American literary studies.
Kessler provides three journeys through Gilman’s life: “A Biographical Exploration” discusses facets of her life having a substantial impact upon her utopian writing. Four themes influence this development: the legacy of ancestral expectations; her relationships to father, mother, and daughter; the experience of two marriages and a divorce; and her friendships with women.
Gilman and her “Prancing Young Utopia” presents three stages in the development of Gilman’s utopian writing. First, she imagined neighborhoods-writing alternately fiction and nonfiction. Second, she tested in fiction the expression of utopian principles explained in her nonfiction. Finally, she created the whole society in her 1915 satire Herland.
All of the foregoing writing represents Gilman’s effort to imagine in fiction solutions that she recommended in her 1898 feminist treatise, Women and Economics. “Writing to Empower Living” connects Gilman’s biography to her utopian writing as both personal expression and public activism. The writing can be understood as “equipment for living.” Ten hard-to-locate utopian short stories and chapters from four novels conclude the volume.
Table of Contents
1. Utopian Writing as "Cultural Work"
Why Read Utopias
What "Cultural Work" Is
How Utopia Is Now Defined
What This Study Discusses
How This Book Evolved
2. Making Herself: A Biographical Exploration
Early Years, 1860-1882
First Marriage, 1882-1891
Years of Seeking, 1891-1897
Years of Fruition, 1897-1917
Final Years, 1917-1935
3. "This Prancing Young Utopia"
Beautiful Blocks: The Initiating Foundations, 1904-1910
Moving the Mountain: Previews of Herland, 1911-1913
From Herland to Ourland, 1915-1921
4. Writing to Empower Living
Childhood Fantasies, circa 1870
Letters to Kate, 1895-1897
Correspondence with Ho, 1897-1900
Published Persona, 1890-1935
5. "Making Better People": Experiencing Gilman's Legacy
Selections:
1. "Aunt Mary's Pie Plant," June 1908
2. "A Garden of Babies," June 1909
3. Chapter 7: "Heresy and Schism" from What Diantha Did, May 1910
4. "Her Housekeeper," January 1910
5. Chapter 9 from Mouing the Mountain, September and October 1911
6. "Her Memories," August 1912
7. "A Strange Land," August 1912
8. "Maidstone Comfort," September 1912
9. "Forsythe & Forsythe," January 1913
10. "Mrs. Hines' Money," April 1913
11. "Bee Wise," July 1913
12. "A Council of War," August 1913
13. Chapter 5: "A Unique History" from Herland, May 1915
14. Chapter 11 from With Her in Ourland, November 1916
About the Author
Carol Farley Kessler is professor of English, American studies, and women's studies at Penn State/Delaware County. She is the editor of Daring to Dream: Utopian Fiction by United States Women Before 1950.
March 1995