"John Chambers has given us all an immediately usable gift with which to face our perilous future. This splendid volume embraces the most critical issues of our time: war or peace, liberty or repression, human rights or global violence. The Eagle and the Dove is a supremely valuable book."—Blanche Wiesen Cook
"A wonderful collection of source materials . . . all nicely put in their historical context by the editor's notes and commentary, and the significance and meaning of it all illuminated by Chambers' long introductory essay. This expanded second edition is virtually a new book."—Arthur S. Link
Table of Contents
Documents:
Part One: Awakening of the Modem American Peace Movement, 1899 to 1914 1
1. The First Hague Peace Conference, Arbitration Convention (1899)
2. Captain Alfred Thayer Mahan Cautions Against Arbitration (1899)
3. Lucia Ames Mead Endorses Arbitration and an International Police Force (1903)
4. Andrew Carnegie and Theodore Roosevelt on International Peace (1905, 1906)
5. William James Proposes a "Moral Equivalent of War" (1910)
6. Hamilton Holt Recommends a League of Peace (1911)
7. President William Howard Taft Supports General Arbitration Treaties (1911)
8. Lake Mohonk Conference on Business and International Law (1911)
9. Press Reaction to Secretary of State William Jennings Bryan and His "Cooling Off" Treaties (1913)
10. Elihu Root's Nobel Peace Prize Speech on the Peace Movement and International Law (1914)
Part Two: Responding to War in Europe and Revolution in Mexico, 1914 to 1917
11. The Reverend John Haynes Holmes on War and the Jeopardy to Social Reform (1914)
12. Hamilton Holt Urges U.S. Leadership in Creating a League of Peace (1914)
13. Emmeline Pethick Lawrence Addresses Americans on "Motherhood and War" (1914)
14. Formation and Platform of the Woman's Peace Party (1915)
15. Alice Hamilton's Account of the International Congress of Women at The Hague (1915)
16. Theodore Roosevelt and Woodrow Wilson Differ over the Proper U.S. Response to the Sinking of the Lusitania (1915)
17. The Socialist Party of America, Position Against the War (1915)
18. Two Representatives from the International Congress of Women Contact President Wilson about Mediation and Peace (1915)
19. The Gore-Mclemore Resolution Against Americans Traveling on Armed Belligerent Ships, and Wilson's Reply (1916)
20. A Discussion Between President Wilson and Leaders of the Peace and Antimilitarism Movements (1916)
21. President Wilson's First Endorsement of a Postwar League of Nations (1916)
22. The Carrizal Incident: The Peace Movement Helps Avert War with Mexico (1916)
23. President Wilson Speaks Privately about Mediation to the American Neutral Conference Committee (1916)
24. Social Work Leaders Endorse Wilson for President (1916)
25. Crystal Eastman: Suggestions for the American Union Against Militarism for 1916-1917 (1916)
26. President Wilson's "Peace Without Victory" Speech (1917)
27. Jane Addams Recalls Wilson and Peace Efforts, 1915 to 1917 (1922)
28. Theodore Roosevelt's Critique in Favor of Increased Military Forces and Complete Victory Against Germany (1917)
29. Peace Movement Leaders Meet with President Wilson During the War Crisis (1917)
30. Jane Addams's Recollection of the February 28, 1917, Meeting with Wilson (1922)
Part Three: The Challenge of American Belligerency: Mobilization, War Aims, and Wartime Dissent, 1917 to 1918
31. President Wilson's War Message (1917)
32. Socialist Party Position on American Belligerency (1917)
33. Resolutions of the People's Council (1917)
34. Jane Addams on Patriotism and Pacifists in Wartime (1917)
35. Government Censorship and The Masses Magazine (1917)
36. Woodrow Wilson on the Limits of Wartime Dissent (1917)
37. Theodore Roosevelt Attacks Pacifism and Disloyalty in Wartime America (1917 and 1918)
38. Woman's Peace Party of New York City, "Our War Record: A Plea for Tolerance" (1918)
39. President Wilson's "Fourteen Points" Speech (1918)
40. "Absolutist" Conscientious Objectors in Prison: Statement to the Court by Roger N. Baldwin (1918)
Part Four: Plans for the Postwar Order: The Peace Movement Reborn, 1919 to 1922
41. Wilson and "Colonel" Edward M. House Discuss Wilson's First Draft of the League of Nations Covenant (1918)
42. The Treaty of Versailles, Covenant of the League of Nations (1919)
43. Scott Nearing, Socialist Economist, Criticizes the League of Nations (1919)
44. Senator Henry Cabot Lodge Attacks the League Covenant (1919)
45. Hamilton Holt, "The League or Bolshevism?" (1919)
46. Official Report on the Women's International Congress for Permanent Peace at Zurich, Switzerland (1919)
47. An Exchange of Telegrams Between Jane Addams and Woodrow Wilson on Ending the Food Blockade (1919)
48. Alice Hamilton Reports on the Women's International Congress at Zurich (1919)
49. President Wilson's Statement to the Senate Foreign Relations Committee on the League of Nations Covenant (1919)
50. The Reverend Anna Garlin Spencer Urges Women to Support the Peace Treaty and the League (1919)
51. Creation of the American Civil Liberties Union (1920)
52. The Survey Magazine Warns Against Peacetime Conscription (1920)
53. Final Defeat of the Treaty of Versailles; Senate Failure to Ratify Treaty Even with the Lodge Reservations (1919 and 1920)
54. Debate over Releasing Wartime Offenders (1920)
55. Jane Addams, "Feed the World and Save the League" (1920)
56. Senator William E. Borah's Resolution for a Naval Disarmament Conference (1920)
57. The Peace Movement Mobilizes for Naval Arms Control (1921)
58. Secretary of State Charles Evans Hughes Shocks Delegates at the Washington Disarmament Conference (1921)
59. The Five-Power Naval Arms Limitation Treaty at the Washington Disarmament Conference (1922)
About the Author
John Whiteclay Chambers, II is associate professor of history at Rutgers University. A Fulbright Scholar and a Rockefeller Humanities Fellow, he is the author of The Tyranny of Change: America in the Progressive Era, and To Raise an Army: The Draft Comes to Modern America, and has edited several anthologies, including (with Charles Moskos) The New Conscientious Objection: The Secularization of Objection to Military Service.
January 1992